Kuraray PVA Gel
Subsequent to more than a decade of research and development by the KURARAY company, PVA Gel beads has remained a highly efficient biological wastewater treatment process. PVA (Polyvinly alcohol) Gel is a porous hydrogel that is best suited in immobilization of microorganisms that are useful in degrading the pollutants in the environment.
Copolymer gel based on Kuraray PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) is a material of high properties used in water treatment. The most recognized benefits include, very high resilience to chemicals, and its general strength and hardness. The main use of PVA gel is in MBRs and other filters which serve as media for biological processes; with an ability to facilitate the fouling and cleaning of wastewater. This arrangement provides enables greater surface area, which enhances the microbial action, and hence the efficiency in the removal of pollutants and thus suitable both for industrial and municipal wastewater treatment.
- Translucent or Opaque: PVA gel typically appears as either translucent or opaque.
- Color: It ranges from clear to milky white, depending on its formulation.
- Consistency: The gel has a jelly-like consistency.
- Form: Often supplied in small beads or granules.
- Hydration: Beads or granules swell when hydrated.
- Structure: Creates a uniform, porous structure when hydrated.
- Texture: Smooth and gelatinous, ensuring efficient handling and integration into water treatment systems.
Treatment Of BOD Removal
A current sewage treatment plant is examined which has 250 m3 for activated sludge tank and 45 m3 for clarifier. The Initial design shows that the plant is expected to treat 150 m3/d with BODs of 1000 mg/L in influent water. However the plant is now in need of an upgrade to deal with a flow of 300 m3/d ( with the same BOD) for which three design options are illustrated in the slide. Generally, a conventional activated sludge system would need roughly double the present tank holding capacity to be able to deal with the new loading.
Treatment for Nitrogen Removal
For an influent wastewater flow of 300 m³/day with a total nitrogen (T-N) concentration of 60 mg/L, the nitrogen removal process involves two main reactions:
- Nitrification Reaction (Aerobic):
- Ammonia nitrogen is converted to nitrite and then to nitrate.
- This process requires sufficient dissolved oxygen and minimal interference from organic carbon.
- Denitrification Reaction (Anoxic):
- Nitrate is converted to nitrite and then to nitrogen gas.
- This process requires sufficient organic carbon and minimal interference from dissolved oxygen.